Now, this book wasn’t exactly meant to be read by anyone. Hence, the standard version of the Quran is often called Uthmani Rasm or Uthmanic Tradition. This process is said to have been completed around 650 during the reign of the third caliph, Uthman. ![]() Though the primary storage space of the Quran was the minds of the companions, it wasn’t compiled into a book form during the prophet’s life.Īfter him, these companions who had memorized the Quran started to pass away and the Quran seemed to be at risk of being lost so, Muhammad’s(PBUH) successors, the Caliphs started to put it together in written book form. The prophet then dictated the text of the Quran to his companions, some of whom wrote some of it down on parchment, leaves, rocks,Įtc. So, are there different versions of the Quran? Uthman(Ra) and the Standardisation of the QuranĪccording to Islamic tradition, the Quran was revealed to Prophet Muhammad by the angel Gabriel, known as Jibrail in Arabic. The upper layer, though, which was written after, is the standard Quran that we have today. With different scans, scholars were able to put together the lower text and discover that it wasn’t the version of the Quran that we have today, it’s a different one. ![]() Hence, it contains two layers of text, the upper layer which is newer, and the lower layer which is older and was replaced with the upper layer. However, on closer inspection, it was revealed that the document was a Palimpsest meaning it was written over a previously written text. At first glance, it seems like a normal Quran dating to perhaps the late seventh or early eighth century of the Common Era. Sana’a 1 PalimpsestĪmong the fragments found in Sana’a, there is a set of fragments from the Quran. Hence, at the time, they were among the earliest known copies of the Quran.Ī few years later, Puin’s colleague, Von Bothmer took some 35,000 microfilm pictures of the fragments which are currently being used to study the manuscripts. It was quickly established that the fragments contained a version of the Quran and some of them dated back to the first century of Islam. ![]() In 1981, Gerd Puin of Saarland University in Germany became the first person to thoroughly examine the fragments to determine what they In 1979, he was able to get a visiting German scholar interested in the project of examining and preserving the fragments. He realized the potential of this find and got involved. It’s possible they would have been forgotten if it wasn’t for a man named Qadhi Ismail al-Akwa, who was then-president of the Yemeni Antiquities Authority.
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